Internal cables - Power cable / S-ATA cable
General
Inside every PC, numerous cables are used to transfer data and power between the individual components. Within the last few years, however, little has changed in terms of cabling: due to better airflow properties, flat ribbon cables are hardly used any more, except in the SATA area, and instead increasingly only round cables are used, as these are easier to bundle and lay with professional cable management. There are internal connection and extension cables in various lengths and thicknesses, with different - mutually compatible - plugs, depending on the area of application. So if a plug or socket does not fit, a corresponding adapter can help.
Types and tasks
The tasks of internal cables include, for example, the power supply of mainboards and hardware components of a PC system. By means of extension cables in different types, the connection between ATX, SFX or TFX power supply units and the corresponding components can also be established if the existing cables, for example in the big tower, are too short. Thus, power connections of the graphics card via PCIe or of the mainboard via 4-pin ATX12V, 8-pin EPS12V or 20+4-pin ATX connectors can be established. Molex and SATA power cables, adapters and extensions are also necessary for the connection of SSDs, HDDs or sometimes even M.2 hard disks, if these are not mounted directly on the mainboard but are connected via a special internal housing - this may be the case, for example, if several M.2 data carriers are to be used via one connection in a RAID array. In many cases, data transfer also takes place via an internal data cable. SSDs and HDDs, as well as ODD and FDD drives, for example, are connected to the mainboard with floppy cables, IDE cables or SATA cables. Fan and enclosure functions (for example LEDs or exotics such as built-in wireless charging modules) are mainly connected to the computer's mainboard via internal cables with 3-pins, 4-pins or I/O cables with 2-pins. Other internal cables include SLI cables for connecting multiple graphics cards or internal USB connections for front USB ports.
SATA to eSATA or PCIe
Serial ATA, or S-ATA for short, is today's standard interface for connecting mass storage devices such as SSDs or HDDs. Originally, bus systems with parallel signal lines in conductors and connection cables were used to connect these data carriers, but with increasing transfer speeds, these quickly reached their limits. And so ATA was not spared from being converted to a serial transmission standard. In the meantime, mainly SATA 3G and 6G cabling is used. The maximum data transfer rate is up to 300 Mbyte/s and 600 Mbyte/s respectively. Flash-based storage media have increased the requirements for transfer speeds to such an extent that even SATA 6G is seen as an obsolete technology. Therefore, SATA is being replaced by SATA Express (SATAe or eSATA) as the preferred interface. SATA Express is downward compatible with SATA and designed for data transfer rates of 8 or 16 GBit/s. The data is transferred via the SATA interface. SATA Express uses the PCIe 3.0 protocol for transmission.